river rising near Creston, Union county, south-central Iowa, U.S., and flowing in a southerly direction into Missouri. It merges with the Thompson River and Shoal, Medicine, and Locust creeks near Chillicothe, Mo., before joining the Missouri River near Brunswick after a course of 215 miles (346 km). As early as 1723 the Grand was referred to by the French as "La Grande Riviere," and in that year France established Fort D'Orleans just west of its mouth in an effort to secure military control of the Missouri. The fort was abandoned in 1728, and the site has since been obliterated by the changing course of the river.